CCNP Route Notes EIGRP EIGRP Overview Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) is a Cisco proprietary, advanced distance vector, classless routing protocol that uses a complex metric based on bandwidth and delay. The following are some features of EIGRP: Fast convergence. Support for VLSM. Partial updates conserve network bandwidth. Support for IP, … [Read more...]
CCNP Route Notes Planning for Complex Networks
CCNP Route Notes Planning for Complex Networks Network Design Models Today’s networks typically include voice, video, network management, mission-critical, and routing traffic in addition to bulk user traffic. Each type of traffic has different performance (bandwidth, delay, and jitter) and security requirements. Network design models provide a framework for integrating the … [Read more...]
Understanding Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP)
Understanding Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) Metrics EIGRP and IGRP use the same equation to calculate their metrics; however, the EIGRP metric is obtained by multiplying the IGRP metric by 256. In other words: where the IGRP metric is shown in Equation 6-1. By default, the K values of K1 and K3 are 0; therefore, the EIGRP metric simplifies to … [Read more...]
Troubleshooting EIGRP
Troubleshooting EIGRP Troubleshooting EIGRP Neighbor Relationships This section discusses methods of troubleshooting issues regarding EIGRP neighbor relationships. The following are the most common causes of problems with EIGRP neighbor relationships: Unidirectional link Uncommon subnet, primary, and secondary address mismatch Mismatched masks K value … [Read more...]
Troubleshooting IGRP
Troubleshooting IGRP Flowcharts to Solve Common IGRP Problems This section discusses the most common scenarios that can prevent IGRP routes from getting installed in the routing table. This is the most useful section in this chapter because the most common problem in IGRP is that routes are not in the routing table. If a specific destination is not in the … [Read more...]
Understanding Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)
Understanding Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) OSPF Packet Details OSPF has five types of packets used for various reasons. Table 8-1 documents the different OSPF packet types and describes their functionality. All the OSPF packet types share a common 20-byte OSPF protocol header. Figure 8-1 shows the common OSPF protocol header format. The list that follows … [Read more...]
Cisco Network Mgmt Protocol FAQ: Management Metrics
Cisco Network Mgmt Protocol FAQ: Management Metrics Q1. In what ways can network management impact a service provider’s business? Answer: It affects the cost of ownership of a network, revenues that can be generated from communication services, network availability, and the quality of the communication services that are offered. Figure: Network Management Business … [Read more...]
Understanding Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (IGRP)
Understanding Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (IGRP) Metrics IGRP uses an equation to calculate its metrics. Metrics then are used by the router to favor a particular route. In IGRP, the lower the value of the metric is, the more favorable the route is. The IGRP metric equation takes into consideration the variables of bandwidth, delay, load, and reliability of the link to … [Read more...]
Cisco Network Mgmt Protocol FAQ: Service Level Management
Cisco Network Mgmt Protocol FAQ: Service Level Management Q1. Both the provider and the customer of a service should be concerned with service level monitoring. Why is this so? Answer: The customer might not know for sure whether he is indeed getting the service level that was agreed to. Q2. Assume that you are a service customer and are about to enter an SLA with a … [Read more...]
Cisco Network Mgmt Protocol FAQ: Management Integration
Cisco Network Mgmt Protocol FAQ: Management Integration Q1. Imagine that you are a service provider. An equipment vendor offers you an integrated management system. Which aspects of management integration will such a system be unlikely to address, even if the equipment vendor’s claims are, from his perspective, entirely correct? Answer: It might not provide multivendor … [Read more...]