210-260 CCNA Security – IINS Exam Questions with Answers – Q46 to Q60
Question 46.
Which statement about personal firewalls is true?
A. They can protect a system by denying probing requests.
B. They are resilient against kernel attacks.
C. They can protect email messages and private documents in a similar way to a VPN.
D. They can protect the network against attacks.
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
Explanation
BD
Features
+ Block or alert the user about all unauthorized inbound or outbound connection attempts
+ Allows the user to control which programs can and cannot access the local network and/or Internet and provide the user with information about an application that makes a connection attempt
+ Hide the computer from port scans by not responding to unsolicited network traffic
+ Monitor applications that are listening for incoming connections
+ Monitor and regulate all incoming and outgoing Internet users
+ Prevent unwanted network traffic from locally installed applications
+ Provide information about the destination server with which an application is attempting to communicate
+ Track recent incoming events, outgoing events, and intrusion events to see who has accessed or tried to access your computer.
+ Personal Firewall blocks and prevents hacking attempt or attack from hackers
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_firewall
Question 47.
Refer to the exhibit.
What type of firewall would use the given configuration line?
A. a stateful firewall
B. a personal firewall
C. a proxy firewall
D. an application firewall
E. a stateless firewall
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
Explanation
BD
The output is from “show conn” command on an ASA. This is another example output I’ve simulated
ciscoasa# show conn
20 in use, 21 most used
UDP OUTSIDE 172.16.0.100:53 INSIDE 10.10.10.2:59655, idle 0:00:06, bytes 39, flags
Question 48.
What is the only permitted operation for processing multicast traffic on zone-based firewalls?
A. Only control plane policing can protect the control plane against multicast traffic.
B. Stateful inspection of multicast traffic is supported only for the self-zone.
C. Stateful inspection for multicast traffic is supported only between the self-zone and the internal zone.
D. Stateful inspection of multicast traffic is supported only for the internal zone.
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
Explanation
BD
Neither Cisco IOS ZFW or Classic Firewall include stateful inspection support for multicast traffic. So the only choice is A.
Source: http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/support/docs/security/ios-firewall/98628-zone-design-guide.html
Question 49.
How does a zone-based firewall implementation handle traffic between interfaces in the same zone?
A. Traffic between two interfaces in the same zone is allowed by default.
B. Traffic between interfaces in the same zone is blocked unless you configure the same-security permit command.
C. Traffic between interfaces in the same zone is always blocked.
D. Traffic between interfaces in the same zone is blocked unless you apply a service policy to the zone pair.
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
Explanation
BD
For interfaces that are members of the same zone, all traffic is permitted by default.
Source: Cisco Official Certification Guide, Zones and Why We Need Pairs of Them, p.380
Question 50.
Which two statements about Telnet access to the ASA are true? (Choose two).
A. You may VPN to the lowest security interface to telnet to an inside interface.
B. You must configure an AAA server to enable Telnet.
C. You can access all interfaces on an ASA using Telnet.
D. You must use the command virtual telnet to enable Telnet.
E. Best practice is to disable Telnet and use SSH.
Correct Answer: AE
Section: (none)
Explanation
BD
The ASA allows Telnet and SSH connections to the ASA for management purposes. You cannot use Telnet to the lowest security interface unless you use Telnet inside an IPSec tunnel.
Question 51.
Which statement about communication over failover interfaces is true?
A. All information that is sent over the failover and stateful failover interfaces is sent as clear text by default.
B. All information that is sent over the failover interface is sent as clear text, but the stateful failover link is encrypted by default.
C. All information that is sent over the failover and stateful failover interfaces is encrypted by default.
D. User names, passwords, and preshared keys are encrypted by default when they are sent over the failover and stateful failover interfaces, but other information is sent as clear text.
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
Explanation
BD
All information sent over the failover and Stateful Failover links is sent in clear text unless you secure the communication with a failover key. If the security appliance is used to terminate VPN tunnels, this information includes any usernames, passwords and preshared keys used for establishing the tunnels. Transmitting this sensitive data in clear text could pose a significant security risk. We recommend securing the failover communication with a failover key if you are using the security appliance to terminate VPN tunnels.
Source: http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/security/asa/asa80/configuration/guide/conf_gd/failover.html
Question 52.
If a packet matches more than one class map in an individual feature type’s policy map, how does the ASA handle the packet?
A. The ASA will apply the actions from only the first matching class map it finds for the feature type.
B. The ASA will apply the actions from only the most specific matching class map it finds for the feature type.
C. The ASA will apply the actions from all matching class maps it finds for the feature type.
D. The ASA will apply the actions from only the last matching class map it finds for the feature type.
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
Explanation
BD
I suppose this could be an explanation. Not 100% confident about this. The explanation refers to an interface, but the question doesn’t specify that.
See the following information for how a packet matches class maps in a policy map for a given interface:
- A packet can match only one class map in the policy map for each feature type.
- When the packet matches a class map for a feature type, the ASA does not attempt to match it to any subsequent class maps for that feature type.
- If the packet matches a subsequent class map for a different feature type, however, then the ASA also applies the actions for the subsequent class map, if supported. See the “Incompatibility of Certain Feature Actions” section for more information about unsupported combinations.
If a packet matches a class map for connection limits, and also matches a class map for an application inspection, then both actions are applied.
If a packet matches a class map for HTTP inspection, but also matches another class map that includes HTTP inspection, then the second class map actions are not applied.
Question 53.
For what reason would you configure multiple security contexts on the ASA firewall?
A. To separate different departments and business units.
B. To enable the use of VRFs on routers that are adjacently connected.
C. To provide redundancy and high availability within the organization.
D. To enable the use of multicast routing and QoS through the firewall.
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
Explanation
BD
You can partition a single ASA into multiple virtual devices, known as security contexts. Each context is an independent device, with its own security policy, interfaces, and administrators. Multiple contexts are similar to having multiple standalone devices.
Common Uses for Security Contexts
+ You are a service provider and want to sell security services to many customers. By enabling multiple security contexts on the ASA, you can implement a cost-effective, space-saving solution that keeps all customer traffic separate and secure, and also eases configuration.
+ You are a large enterprise or a college campus and want to keep departments completely separate.
+ You are an enterprise that wants to provide distinct security policies to different departments.
+ You have any network that requires more than one ASA.
Question 54.
What is an advantage of placing an IPS on the inside of a network?
A. It can provide higher throughput.
B. It receives traffic that has already been filtered.
C. It receives every inbound packet.
D. It can provide greater security.
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
BD
Firewalls are generally designed to be on the network perimeter and can handle dropping a lot of the nonlegitimate traffic (attacks, scans etc.) very quickly at the ingress interface, often in hardware.
An IDS/IPS is, generally speaking, doing more deep packet inspections and that is a much more computationally expensive undertaking. For that reason, we prefer to filter what gets to it with the firewall line of defense before engaging the IDS/IPS to analyze the traffic flow.
In an even more protected environment, we would also put a first line of defense in ACLs on an edge router between the firewall and the public network(s).
Source: https://supportforums.cisco.com/discussion/12428821/correct-placement-idsips-network-architecture
Question 55.
What is the FirePOWER impact flag used for?
A. A value that indicates the potential severity of an attack.
B. A value that the administrator assigns to each signature.
C. A value that sets the priority of a signature.
D. A value that measures the application awareness.
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
Explanation
BD
Impact Flag: Choose the impact level assigned to the intrusion event.
Because no operating system information is available for hosts added to the network map from NetFlow data, the system cannot assign Vulnerable (impact level 1: red) impact levels for intrusion events involving those hosts. In such cases, use the host input feature to manually set the operating system identity for the hosts.
Source: http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/security/firepower/60/configuration/guide/fpmc-config-guide-v60/
Correlation_Policies.html
Impact
The impact level in this field indicates the correlation between intrusion data, network discovery data, and vulnerability information.
Impact Flag
See Impact.
Question 56.
Which FirePOWER preprocessor engine is used to prevent SYN attacks?
A. Rate-Based Prevention
B. Portscan Detection
C. IP Defragmentation
D. Inline Normalization
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
Explanation
Brad
Answer: A
Confidence level: 0%
Note: Never bothered to research this question.
BD
Rate-based attack prevention identifies abnormal traffic patterns and attempts to minimize the impact of that traffic on legitimate requests. Rate-based attacks usually have one of the following characteristics:
+ any traffic containing excessive incomplete connections to hosts on the network, indicating a SYN flood attack
+ any traffic containing excessive complete connections to hosts on the network, indicating a TCP/IP connection flood attack
+ excessive rule matches in traffic going to a particular destination IP address or addresses or coming from a particular source IP address or addresses.
+ excessive matches for a particular rule across all traffic.
Preventing SYN Attacks
The SYN attack prevention option helps you protect your network hosts against SYN floods. You can protect individual hosts or whole networks based on the number of packets seen over a period of time. If your device is deployed passively, you can generate events. If your device is placed inline, you can also drop the malicious packets. After the timeout period elapses, if the rate condition has stopped, the event generation and packet dropping stops.
Question 57.
Which Sourcefire logging action should you choose to record the most detail about a connection?
A. Enable logging at the end of the session.
B. Enable logging at the beginning of the session.
C. Enable alerts via SNMP to log events off-box.
D. Enable eStreamer to log events off-box.
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
Explanation
BD
FirePOWER (former Sourcefire)
Logging the Beginning And End of Connections
When the system detects a connection, in most cases you can log it at its beginning and its end.
For a single non-blocked connection, the end-of-connection event contains all of the information in the beginning-of-connection event, as well as information gathered over the duration of the session.
Question 58.
What can the SMTP preprocessor in FirePOWER normalize?
A. It can extract and decode email attachments in client to server traffic.
B. It can look up the email sender.
C. It compares known threats to the email sender.
D. It can forward the SMTP traffic to an email filter server.
E. It uses the Traffic Anomaly Detector.
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
Explanation
BD
Decoding SMTP Traffic
The SMTP preprocessor instructs the rules engine to normalize SMTP commands. The preprocessor can also extract and decode email attachments in client-to-server traffic and, depending on the software version, extract email file names, addresses, and header data to provide context when displaying intrusion events triggered by SMTP traffic.
Question 59.
You want to allow all of your company’s users to access the Internet without allowing other Web servers to collect the IP addresses of individual users. What two solutions can you use? (Choose two).
A. Configure a proxy server to hide users’ local IP addresses.
B. Assign unique IP addresses to all users.
C. Assign the same IP address to all users.
D. Install a Web content filter to hide users’ local IP addresses.
E. Configure a firewall to use Port Address Translation.
Correct Answer: AE
Section: (none)
Explanation
BD
In computer networks, a proxy server is a server (a computer system or an application) that acts as an intermediary for requests from clients seeking resources from other servers.[1] A client connects to the proxy server, requesting some service, such as a file, connection, web page, or other resource available from a different server and the proxy server evaluates the request as a way to simplify and control its complexity. Proxies were invented to add structure and encapsulation to distributed systems.[2] Today, most proxies are web proxies, facilitating access to content on the World Wide Web and providing anonymity.
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proxy_server
Port Address Translation (PAT) is a subset of NAT, and it is still swapping out the source IP address as traffic goes through the NAT/PAT device, except with PAT everyone does not get their own unique translated address. Instead, the PAT device keeps track of individual sessions based on port numbers and other unique identifiers, and then forwards all packets using a single source IP address, which is shared. This is often referred to as NAT with overload; we are hiding multiple IP addresses on a single global address.
Source: Cisco Official Certification Guide, Port Address Translation, p.368
Question 60.
You have implemented a Sourcefire IPS and configured it to block certain addresses utilizing Security Intelligence IP Address Reputation. A user calls and is not able to access a certain IP address. What action can you take to allow the user access to the IP address?
A. Create a custom blacklist to allow traffic
B. Create a whitelist and add the appropriate IP address to allow traffic
C. Create a user-based access control rule to allow the traffic
D. Create a network-based access control rule to allow the traffic
E. Create a rule to bypass inspection to allow the traffic
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
Brad
Answer: B
Confidence level: 100%
Remember: Blacklists are created to block traffic, not allow
BD
Using Security Intelligence Whitelists
In addition to a blacklist, each access control policy has an associated whitelist, which you can also populate with Security Intelligence objects. A policy’s whitelist overrides its blacklist. That is, the system evaluates traffic with a whitelisted source or destination IP address using access control rules, even if the IP address is also blacklisted. In general, use the whitelist if a blacklist is still useful, but is too broad in scope and incorrectly blocks traffic that you want to inspect.