CCNA FAQ: Physical Layer Networking Concepts

Q: What type of UTP cable would you use to connect a switch to a router?

B. When connecting a switch to a router you must use a straight-through UTP cable.

Q: What type of UTP cable would you use to connect a PC directly to another PC?

C. When directly connecting two PCs you can use a cross-over UTP cable.

CCNA FAQ: Physical Layer Networking Concepts

Q1. Which physical network topology is shown in the following diagram?
ccna-faq-physical-layer-networking-concepts-2.1
A. Ring
B. Bus
C. Star
D. Mesh

Answer: B. This diagram represents the physical bus topology or the linear bus topology. This topology uses one cable as the trunk or backbone.

Q2. Which physical network topology is shown in the following diagram?
ccna-faq-physical-layer-networking-concepts-2.2
A. Ring
B. Bus
C. Star
D. Mesh

Answer: A. This diagram represents the physical ring topology. Each device is connected to two other devices on the network. Data traverses the network and creates a ring or loop.

Q3. Which physical network topology is shown in the following diagram?
ccna-faq-physical-layer-networking-concepts-2.3
A. Single ring
B. Partial mesh
C. Full mesh
D. Dual ring

Answer: D. This diagram represents the physical dual ring topology. Unlike a single ring topology, this design offers redundancy if either ring breaks.

Q4. Which physical network topology is shown in the following diagram?
ccna-faq-physical-layer-networking-concepts-2.4
A. Ring
B. Bus
C. Star
D. Mesh

Answer: C. This diagram represents the physical star topology. It may also be referred to as a hub-andspoke topology.

Q5. Which physical network topology is shown in the following diagram?
ccna-faq-physical-layer-networking-concepts-2.5
A. Single ring
B. Partial mesh
C. Dual ring
D. Full mesh

Answer: D. This diagram represents the full mesh topology. All the devices on the network are directly connected to every other device on that same network.

Q6. Which physical network topology is shown in the following diagram?
ccna-faq-physical-layer-networking-concepts-2.6
A. Single ring
B. Partial mesh
C. Dual ring
D. Full mesh

Answer: B. This diagram represents the partial mesh topology. Some but not all of the devices are connected to all of the other devices on the network.

Q7. Which of the following is not susceptible to EMI?
A. Fiber
B. Thin coaxial cable
C. Category 3 UTP cable
D. Category 5 UTP cable

Answer: A. Fiber is not susceptible to EMI. Answers B, C, and D are all incorrect because thin coaxial cable, category 3 UTP, and category 5 UTP are all susceptible to EMI.

Q8. Which connector does a UTP cable use?
A. MT-RJ
B. SC
C. ST
D. RJ-45

Answer: D. UTP cables use RJ-45 connectors. Answers A, B, and C are incorrect because fiber uses ST, SC, or MT-RJ connectors.

Q9. Because of attenuation, the maximum, practical length of a UTP cable is _________________.
A. 10 meters
B. 100 meters
C. 200 meters
D. 500 meters

Answer: B. Because of attenuation, the maximum, practical length of a UTP cable is 100 meters.

Q10. The total flow of information over a certain time period on a communications medium measured in bits per second is called _______________.
A. Bandwidth
B. Crosstalk
C. Attenuation
D. Electromagnetic interference

Answer: A. The total flow of information over a certain time period on a communications medium measured in bits per second is called bandwidth. Answer B is incorrect because crosstalk is an electrical or magnetic field that is a result of one communications signal affecting the signal in a nearby circuit. Answer C is incorrect because attenuation occurs over long distances as a signal loses strength. Answer D is incorrect because EMI is the interference caused by electromagnetic signals.

Q11. Which cable consists of a single copper wire surrounded by a plastic insulation cover and a braided copper shield?
A. Coaxial cable
B. UTP
C. STP
D. Category 5 cable

Answer: A. A coaxial cable consists of a single copper wire surrounded by a plastic insulation cover and a braided copper shield. Answer B is incorrect because UTP cables use eight colored wires in four pairs. Answer C is incorrect because STP has an additional layer of shielding. Answer D is incorrect because Category 5 is a UTP cable.

Q12. What type of UTP cable would you use to connect a switch to a router?
A. Coaxial cable
B. Straight-through cable
C. Cross-over cable
D. Thin coax

Answer: B. When connecting a switch to a router you must use a straight-through UTP cable.

Q13. What type of UTP cable would you use to connect a PC directly to another PC?
A. Coaxial cable
B. Straight-through cable
C. Cross-over cable
D. Thick coax

Answer: C. When directly connecting two PCs you can use a cross-over UTP cable.

Q14. If you have a network that is connected through a hub and experiencing congestion, which of the following is the best solution to decrease congestion on your network?
A. Install a second hub.
B. Replace the hub with a repeater.
C. Replace the hub with a switch.
D. Replace the hub with a network interface.

Answer: C. The best answer here is to replace a hub with a switch. Switches can segment the network. Answers A and B are incorrect because a repeater or an additional hub simply extends the network further. Answer D is incorrect because the network interface connects a PC or laptop to the public network.

Q15. What is the IEEE standard for wi-fi?
A. 802.1q
B. 802.11b
C. 802.3u
D. 802.3ab

Answer: B. The IEEE standard for Wireless Fidelity is 802.11b. Answer A is incorrect because IEEE standard 802.1q defines VLAN. Answer C is incorrect because IEEE standard 802.3u defines Fast Ethernet. Answer D is incorrect because IEEE standard 802.3ab defines Gigabit Ethernet on a Category 5 cable.

Q16. Which IEEE wireless standard uses a 5GHz radio frequency and is not compatible with other wireless standards?
A. 802.11
B. 802.11a
C. 802.11b
D. 802.11g

Answer: B. 802.11a uses a 5GHz RF. Answer A is incorrect because IEEE standard 802.11 is the basis for the 802.11a, 802.11b, and 802.11g wireless standards. Answers C and D are incorrect because 802.11b and 802.11g use 2.4GHz RF. 802.11a is not compatible with 802.11b and 802.11g.

Q17. Which cable pinout is shown in the following diagram?
ccna-faq-physical-layer-networking-concepts-17
A. Thin coax cable
B. Thick coax cable
C. Straight-through cable
D. Cross-over cable

Answer: C. A straight-through cable uses pins 1, 2, 3, and 6. Given those pins, pin 1 is connected on one end of the cable to pin 1 on the opposite end of the cable. Pin 2 at one end is connected to pin 2 on the far end, and so on. Answers A and B are incorrect because pinouts do not apply to coaxial cable because it is a single copper wire. Answer D is incorrect because cross-over cables also use four wires and pins 1, 2, 3, and 6. The difference is in how the pins are connected at each end. With cross-over cables, pin 1 connects to pin 3 and pin 2 connects to pin 6.

Q18. Which cable pinout is shown in the following diagram?
ccna-faq-physical-layer-networking-concepts-18
A. Thin coax cable
B. Thick coax cable
C. Straight-through cable
D. Cross-over cable

Answer: D. Cross-over cables also use four wires and pins 1, 2, 3, and 6. The difference is in how the pins are connected at each end. With cross-over cables, pin 1 connects to pin 3 and pin 2 connects to pin 6. Answers A and B are incorrect because pinouts do not apply to coaxial cable because it is a single copper wire. Answer C is incorrect because straight-through cable uses pins 1, 2, 3, and 6. Given those pins, pin 1 is connected on one end of the cable to pin 1 on the opposite end of the cable. Pin 2 at one end is connected to pin 2 on the far end, and so on.

Q19. Which of the following connectors are used by fiber? (Choose the 3 best answers.)
A. MT-RJ
B. SC
C. ST
D. RJ-45

Answer: A, B, and C. Fiber uses an MT-RJ, SC, or ST connector. Answer D is incorrect because RJ-45 is used by a UTP cable.

Q20. Which of the following are wireless technologies? (Choose the 3 best answers.)
A. Fast Ethernet
B. Bluetooth
C. Infrared
D. Wi-fi

Answer: B, C,and D. Bluetooth, infrared, and wi-fi are all wireless technologies. Answer A is incorrect because Fast Ethernet is an ethernet LAN technology

Q1. Draw out a simple physical bus topology.

Answer:
ccna-faq-physical-layer-networking-concepts-2.1

FIGURE: Example of a physical bus topology.

Q2. Draw out a simple physical single ring and dual ring topology.

Answer:
ccna-faq-physical-layer-networking-concepts-2.2

FIGURE: Example of a physical ring topology.
ccna-faq-physical-layer-networking-concepts-2.3

FIGURE: Example of a physical dual ring topology.

Q3. Draw out a simple physical star topology.

Answer:
ccna-faq-physical-layer-networking-concepts-2.4

FIGURE: Example of a physical star topology.

Q4. Draw out a simple physical partial mesh and full mesh topology.

Answer:
ccna-faq-physical-layer-networking-concepts-2.5

FIGURE: Example of a mesh topology.
ccna-faq-physical-layer-networking-concepts-2.6

FIGURE: Example of a partial mesh topology.

Q5. Describe the pinout of a straight-through cable.

Answer: Straight-through cables use four wires and pins 1, 2, 3, and 6. Given those pins, pin 1 is connected on one end of the cable to pin 1 on the opposite end of the cable. Pin 2 at one end is connected to pin 2 on the far end. Pin 3 is connected to pin 3 and pin 6 is connected to pin 6.

Q6. Describe the pinout of a cross-over cable.

Answer: Cross-over cables also use four wires and pins 1, 2, 3, and 6. The difference is in how the pins are connected at each end. With cross-over cables, pin 1 connects to pin 3 and pin 2 connects to pin 6.

A company is contemplating whether to use a client/server or a peer-to-peer network. What are three characteristics of a peer-to-peer network? (Choose three.)

better security
easy to create*
better device performance when acting as both client and server
lacks centralized administration *
less cost to implement*
scalable

Explain:
Because network devices and dedicated servers are not required, peer-to-peer networks are easy to create, less complex, and have lower costs. Peer-to-peer networks also have no centralized administration. They are less secure, not scalable, and those devices acting as both client and server may perform slower.

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CCNA FAQ: Physical Layer Networking Concepts

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